Each coordinating officer has the authority to make coordinating decisions within his or her jurisdiction whether federal, state, or local.įurthermore, NIMS recognizes that each jurisdiction has authority within its boundaries and that each agency or functional expert, such as firefighters, law enforcement, medical personnel, or environmental protection personnel, has authority within its functional arena.
Coordination authority is vested in coordinating officers, whether the state coordinating officer, the federal coordinating officer, or the defense coordinating officer. Command authority is vested in the incident commander, whether a single incident commander or an area commander. NIMS defines "command" as "the act of directing, ordering, or controlling by virtue of statutory, regulatory, or delegated authority." NIMS defines "coordinate" as " to advance systematically an analysis and exchange of information among principals who have a need to know certain information to carry out specific incident management responsibilities. NIMS distinguishes between command authority and coordination authority. The NIMS incident management structure has three components: the Incident Command System (ICS), interagency coordination systems, and public information system.
The Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced the establishment of NIMS in March 2004. NIMS assumes that incidents are handled at the lowest jurisdictional level possible. When organized jurisdictionally, NIMS is organized along local (municipality and county), state, regional, and federal jurisdictions. When organized functionally, responses are directed by subject matter experts. NIMS can be organized along functional lines or jurisdictional lines. NIMS provides the doctrine, concepts, principles, terminology, and organizational processes needed for effective, efficient, and collaborative incident management at all levels. HSPD-5 called for a National Incident Management System (NIMS). Bush issued Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 (HSPD-5) in February 2003. In response to attacks on September 11, 2001, President George W. National Incident Management System (NIMS) Chapter 2
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